Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe Aluminium Coil Aluminium mpempe akwụkwọ
Ọcha ọcha dị nro. Ductile. A na-emepụta ngwaahịa a ka ọ bụrụ mkpanaka, mpempe akwụkwọ, foil, ntụ ntụ, mpempe akwụkwọ na eriri. N'ikuku mmiri dị mmiri mmiri, ọ nwere ike ịmepụta oyi akwa nke ihe nkiri oxide iji gbochie ire ere ígwè. Ntụ ntụ aluminom nwere ike ịgba ọkụ nke ọma mgbe a na-ekpo ọkụ n'ikuku ma na-ewepụta ọkụ ọcha na-egbuke egbuke. Ọ na-agbaze na acid sulfuric dị nro, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide na potassium hydroxide solution, mana ọ naghị agbaze na mmiri. Njupụta dị n'etiti 2.70. Ebe agbaze 660℃. Ebe esi mmiri 2467℃. Aluminom bụ ihe nke atọ kachasị ukwuu n'ime ihe dị n'ime ala, mgbe oxygen na silicon gasịrị.
Aluminom bụ ígwè dị mfe nke na-acha ọcha na ọlaọcha. Ọ na-agbanwe agbanwe. A na-emekarị ya ka ọ bụrụ ogidi, mkpanaka, mpempe akwụkwọ, foil, ntụ, iberibe na eriri.
A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka ịdị mfe ya, ezigbo eletriki na okpomọkụ, nnukwu ntụgharị uche na iguzogide oxidation.
Ojiji ihe dabere n'ihe onwunwe nke ihe ahụ. N'ihi ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe ya dị mma, aluminom nwere ọtụtụ ojiji dị iche iche.
Aluminom na aluminom alloys bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kacha dị ọnụ ala maka ọtụtụ ojiji. Kemgbe 1956, mmepụta aluminom n'ụwa abụrụla ígwè kachasị elu na-abụghị ferrous, nke karịrị mmepụta ọla kọpa. Ugbu a, mmepụta na nha nke aluminom (n'ihe gbasara tọn) bụ nke abụọ naanị na ígwè, na-aghọ nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu nke mmadụ ji eme ihe; Ọzọkwa, akụrụngwa nke aluminom dị ọtụtụ, dịka ngụkọ mbụ si dị, ihe ndị dị na aluminom na-eme ihe karịrị 8% nke ihe mejupụtara ihe dị n'ime ala.
Mfe ibu na nguzogide nchara nke aluminom bụ ihe abụọ pụrụ iche nke arụmọrụ ya.
Njupụta nke aluminom dị obere nke ukwuu, naanị 2.7 g/cm³. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị nro nke ukwuu, enwere ike ime ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị iche iche aluminom alloys, dị ka aluminom siri ike, aluminom siri ike nke ukwuu, aluminom na-anaghị agba nchara, aluminom a kpụrụ akpụ, wdg. A na-ejikarị ihe ndị a aluminom alloys eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ụgbọelu, ụgbọala, ụgbọ okporo ígwè na ụgbọ mmiri. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa nnukwu aluminom na ihe ndị a aluminom alloys ya na roket mbara igwe, ụgbọ elu mbara igwe na satịlaịtị arụrụ arụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụgbọelu supersonic nwere ihe dị ka 70% nke aluminom na ihe ndị a aluminom alloys ya. A na-ejikwa aluminom eme ihe nke ukwuu n'iwu ụgbọ mmiri, ọnụọgụ aluminom eji eme nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri na-eru ọtụtụ puku tọn.
Aluminom bụ nke abụọ naanị na ọlaọcha, ọla kọpa na ọlaedo n'ihe gbasara ike eletrik, ọ bụ ezie na ike eletrik ya bụ naanị 2/3 nke ọla kọpa, mana njupụta ya bụ naanị 1/3 nke ọla kọpa, yabụ nnyefe nke otu oke ọkụ eletrik ahụ, ịdị mma nke waya aluminom bụ naanị ọkara nke waya ọla kọpa. Ihe nkiri oxide elu nke aluminom abụghị naanị na ọ nwere ike iguzogide nchara, kamakwa ọ nwere ụfọdụ ọkwa nke mkpuchi, yabụ aluminom na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta eletriki, ụlọ ọrụ waya na eriri na ụlọ ọrụ redio nwere ọtụtụ ojiji.
Aluminom bụ ezigbo ihe na-eduzi okpomọkụ, ike okpomọkụ ya karịrị nke ígwè okpukpu atọ, yabụ enwere ike iji aluminom mee ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị iche iche na-agbanwe okpomọkụ, ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na ihe eji esi nri.
Aluminom nwere ezigbo ductility (ọ na-esote ọlaedo na ọlaọcha), na 100 ℃ ~ 150 ℃ enwere ike iji foil aluminom dị gịrịgịrị karịa 0.01 mm mee foil aluminom ndị a nke ukwuu maka ịkwakọba sịga, swiiti, wdg. Enwere ike ime ha ka ha bụrụ waya aluminom na mpempe aluminom, a pụkwara ịtụgharị ha n'ime ngwaahịa aluminom dị iche iche.
Elu aluminom adịghị mfe ịgbaze n'ihi ihe mkpuchi oxide dị oke arọ, a na-ejikarịkwa ya emepụta ihe nrụpụta kemịkalụ, ngwaọrụ ahụike, ngwaọrụ oyi, ngwaọrụ nchacha mmanụ, ọkpọkọ mmanụ na gas, wdg.
Ntụ ntụ aluminom nwere agba ọcha na ọlaọcha (agba nke ọla n'ozuzu ya na-abụkarị oji mgbe ọ dị na ntụ), a na-ejikarịkwa ya eme ihe mkpuchi, nke a na-akpọkarị ntụ ntụ ọlaọcha na agba ọlaọcha, iji chebe ngwaahịa ígwè pụọ na nchara, ọ mara mma.
Ọkụ aluminom n'ime ikuku oxygen nwere ike ịpụta nnukwu okpomọkụ na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'imepụta ngwakọta mgbawa, dị ka ihe mgbawa aluminom ammonium (site na ammonium nitrate, ntụ ntụ coal, ntụ ntụ aluminom, soot black na ngwakọta organic ndị ọzọ na-ere ọkụ), ngwakọta ọkụ (dị ka bọmbụ na shells e ji aluminom thermite mee nwere ike iji wakpo ihe mgbaru ọsọ siri ike ijide ọkụ ma ọ bụ tankị, ogbunigwe, wdg) na ngwakọta ọkụ (dịka nwere barium nitrate 68%, ntụ ntụ aluminom 28%, wormwood 4%).
A na-ejikarị ígwè thermite nke aluminom agbaze ọla ndị na-anaghị emegharị ahụ na ihe ndị e ji agbakọta ígwè, wdg. A na-ejikwa aluminom eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ígwè ghara ịdị ọcha. Ntụ ntụ aluminom na graphite, titanium dioxide (ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme ka ígwè ghara ịgbaze) n'otu nha nke ngwakọta otu, nke a kpụchara n'elu ígwè ahụ, site na kalịnị dị elu ma jiri seramiiki ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ mee, o nwere ihe dị mkpa na teknụzụ rọketi na ngwa agha.
Mpempe akwụkwọ aluminom nwekwara ezigbo ihe ngosi nke ìhè, na-egosipụta ìhè ultraviolet siri ike karịa ọlaọcha, ka aluminom dị ọcha, otú ahụ ka ikike ntụgharị ya ka mma, yabụ a na-ejikarị ya emepụta ihe ngosi dị elu, dị ka ihe ngosi stovu anyanwụ.
Aluminom nwere ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ ụda na ihe ndị ka mma, ya mere a na-ejikwa aluminom eme ihe n'ime ụlọ mgbasa ozi, n'uko ụlọ ndị dị n'oge a buru ibu, wdg. Ọ na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị ala, aluminom dị n'okpomọkụ dị ala, ike ya kama ịbawanye na-enweghị mgbawa, yabụ ọ dị mma maka ihe ndị dị n'ime obere okpomọkụ, dịka nchekwa friji, nchekwa oyi, ụgbọ ala snow Antarctic, na ngwa mmepụta hydrogen oxide.
Dịka usoro nhazi na mmepụta nke aluminom si dị: aluminom raw na aluminom esiri esi Aluminom raw: mejupụtara: ihe na-erughị 98% aluminom, nke na-agbawa agbawa ma sie ike, naanị ngwaahịa ịkpụ ájá ka enwere ike ịtụgharị. Aluminom esiri esi: mejupụtara: ihe karịrị 98% aluminom, nke dị nro n'okike, enwere ike ịhazi ma ọ bụ tụgharịa ọtụtụ ụdị ngwa. Dịka ọdịnaya nke ihe ndị bụ isi nke ingots aluminom si dị, enwere ike kewaa ha n'ime ụdị atọ: aluminom dị ọcha nke dị elu (ọdịnaya aluminom 99.93%-99.999%), aluminom dị ọcha nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe (ọdịnaya aluminom 99.85%-99.90%), aluminom dị ọcha nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe (ọdịnaya aluminom 98.0%-99.7%). Dịka nhazi ojiji si dị: Ingot aluminom maka ịgbaze agbaze: nwere 95%-99.7% aluminom, a na-ere ya dị ka ihe eji eme ihe maka nhazi ọzọ. Aluminom a nụchara anụcha: Site na aluminom pụrụ iche dị ka ihe eji arụ ọrụ, a na-enweta aluminom nwere 99.93%-99.996% aluminom site na usoro nchacha mmiri electrolytic mmiri atọ, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ eletriki, kemịkalụ na nri n'ihi oke nguzogide nchara ya na nnukwu njikwa eletriki na plasticity. Aluminom dị ọcha: Aluminom nwere 99.999% na-enweta site na usoro siri ike na nhicha ntụziaka yana aluminom dị mma dị elu dị ka ihe eji arụ ọrụ, nke enwere ike iji na nkwadebe nke ihe dị ọcha dị elu na ihe ndị na-egosipụta ihe. Ingot waya aluminom: nwere 99.5%-99.6% aluminom, nke eji eme waya aluminom na ụlọ ọrụ waya. Ingot efere: nwere 98%-99% aluminom, maka ụlọ ọrụ nhazi aluminom maka efere kalenda. Ingot gburugburu: Ọ bụ ngwaahịa nke emechara nke ụlọ ọrụ electrolysis aluminom, na-enye ingot a na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị mma maka igwe extrusion nke ụlọ ọrụ nhazi aluminom.
